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ORIGINAL PAPER
Correlations between foot defects and balance reactions among young school-children
 
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Posturology Laboratory, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
 
 
Submission date: 2020-04-20
 
 
Final revision date: 2020-09-18
 
 
Acceptance date: 2020-09-27
 
 
Publication date: 2020-12-31
 
 
Medical Studies 2020;36(4):265-272
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
The shape of the lower limb axis and the foot arch are an integral element of body posture. Therefore, foot defects are wrongly perceived as a local problem. Aim of the research: To analyse the correlations between foot defects and balance reactions in school-children.

Material and methods:
The study included a group of 132 girls aged 9–10 years. There were 103 (73%) children with foot defects, and 29 (27%) without these defects (normal). The foot deformities were examined with the 2D Foot CAD podoscanner, while balance reactions were assessed with the Zebris FDM-S dynamographic platform.

Results:
Among girls with foot defects, significant correlations occurred regarding: angle btw. Y and major axis, deg. and width R (p = 0.022) and width L (left foot) (p = 0.039); heel angle R and path length (p = 0.019) and average velocity (p = 0.020); Wejsflog index R and path length (p = 0.021), and average velocity (p = 0.023), and deviation X (p = 0.038), and deviation Y (p = 0.038). Wejsflog index L was significantly correlated with: path length (p = 0.003), average velocity (p = 0.003), length of major axis (p = 0.006), deviation X (p = 0.035), deviation Y (p = 0.035), forefoot R (p = 0.012), backfoot R (p = 0.001), backfoot L (p = 0.001).

Conclusions:
There were significant correlations between foot defects and balance reactions. Significant differences between the group with foot defects and normal in equivalent reactions occurred for angle between Y and major axis. Girls with foot defects had significantly higher values of this variable.
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