ORIGINAL PAPER
Levels of stress and dispositional optimism among patients hospitalized in cardiology departments
1
Institute of Medical Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Collegium Medicum, Kielce, Poland
Submission date: 2020-07-24
Final revision date: 2020-11-29
Acceptance date: 2021-01-25
Publication date: 2021-03-31
Medical Studies 2021;37(1):25-32
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
In cardiovascular diseases attention is drawn to the importance of the impact of the individual’s personal resources in coping with stress related to adaptation to the disease. One of them is dispositional optimism, the essence of which is positive perception of the disease situation. Aim of the research: To define the connection between the level of stress and dispositional optimism among people with cardiovascular disease.
Material and methods:
The study was conducted on a group of 104 patients hospitalized in cardiology units. The self-designed questionnaire, the Scale of Perceived Stress – PSS-10, and the Life Orientation Test-Revised – LOT-R were used to carry out the study.
Results:
In 89.42% of investigated patients the level of experienced stress was defined as high. The most stressful predictors during hospitalization were related to fear of a sudden attack of the disease and unexpected hospitalization (61.54%), chronic fatigue (56.73%), lack of psychological support (50.96%), depressed mood (50.96%), maintaining a diet (48.08%), and limiting physical activity (48.08%). The studied group had an extremely pessimistic approach (57.69%). There was a connection between the level of stress and dispositional optimism among members of the tested group (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
The results of the study indicate the need for involvement of psychological support of hospitalized patients on the impact of health and the effectiveness of attitude to disease. Special attention should be paid to personal resources of patients, especially dispositional optimism.
In cardiovascular diseases attention is drawn to the importance of the impact of the individual’s personal resources in coping with stress related to adaptation to the disease. One of them is dispositional optimism, the essence of which is positive perception of the disease situation. Aim of the research: To define the connection between the level of stress and dispositional optimism among people with cardiovascular disease.
Material and methods:
The study was conducted on a group of 104 patients hospitalized in cardiology units. The self-designed questionnaire, the Scale of Perceived Stress – PSS-10, and the Life Orientation Test-Revised – LOT-R were used to carry out the study.
Results:
In 89.42% of investigated patients the level of experienced stress was defined as high. The most stressful predictors during hospitalization were related to fear of a sudden attack of the disease and unexpected hospitalization (61.54%), chronic fatigue (56.73%), lack of psychological support (50.96%), depressed mood (50.96%), maintaining a diet (48.08%), and limiting physical activity (48.08%). The studied group had an extremely pessimistic approach (57.69%). There was a connection between the level of stress and dispositional optimism among members of the tested group (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
The results of the study indicate the need for involvement of psychological support of hospitalized patients on the impact of health and the effectiveness of attitude to disease. Special attention should be paid to personal resources of patients, especially dispositional optimism.
REFERENCES (30)
2.
Alonzo A. The experience of chronic illness and post-traumatic stress disorder: the consequences of cumulative adversity. Soc Sci Med 2000; 50: 1475-1484.
3.
Bradley SM, Rumsfeld JS. Depression and cardiovascular disease. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2015; 25: 614-622.
4.
Scheier MF, Carver CS. Optimism, coping, and health: assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychol 1985; 4: 219-247.
5.
Wrzesińska M, Opuchlik K, Kocur J. Ocena umiejscowienia kontroli zdrowia oraz poziomu poczucia własnej skuteczności i optymizmu u chorych na stwardnienie rozsiane. Post Psychiatr Neurol 2008; 17: 313-318.
6.
Chida Y, Steptoe A. Positive psychological well-being and mortality: a quantitative review of prospective observational studies. Psychosom Med 2008; 70: 741-756.
7.
Łatka J, Majda A, Pyrz B. Dispositional optimism and health behavior of patients with hypertensive disease. Probl Pielęg 2013; 21: 21-28.
8.
Raikkonen K, Matthews KA, Flory JD, Owens NL, Nesselroade JR, Mc Clearn GE. Effects of optimism, pessimism and trait anxiety on ambulatory blood pressure and mood during everyday life. J Pers Soc Psychol 1999; 76: 104-113.
9.
Mohammadi N, Aghayousefi A, Nikrahan GR, Adams CN, Alipour A, Sadeghi M, Roohafza H, Celano CM, Huffman JC. A randomized trial of an optimism training intervention in patients with heart disease. General Hospital Psychiatry 2018; 51: 46-53.
10.
Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav 1983; 24: 386-396.
11.
Juczyński Z, Ogińska-Bulik N. Narzędzia pomiaru stresu i radzenia sobie ze stresem. Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych, Warszawa 2009.
12.
Scheier MF, Carver CS, Bridges MW. Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): a re-evaluation of the Life Orientation Test. J Personal Soc Psychol 1994; 67: 1063-1078.
13.
Poprawa R, Juczyński Z. Adaptacja Testu Orientacji Życiowej LOT-R. In: Juczyński Z. NPPPZ-Narzędzia Pomiaru w Promocji i Psychologii Zdrowia. Wyd. 2. Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych, Warszawa 2009.
14.
R Core Team (2019). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
15.
Ślusarska B, Lalik S, Kulina D, Zarzycka D. The intensity of stress in patients with hypertension and its relationship to self-control of patients’ treatment. Arterial Hypertens 2013; 17: 369-376.
16.
Starczewska M, Kapuścińska K, Rybicka A, Stanisławska M, Grochans E. The influence of sociodemographic factors on the level of stress and stress-coping strategies of patients subjected to coronarography. Probl Pielęgn 2018; 26: 151-156.
17.
Bryniarski L, Kawecka-Jaszcz K. Czy istnieją granice wieku w kardiologii interwencyjnej? Przezskórne interwencje wieńcowe u osób w podeszłym wieku. Gerontol Pol 2005; 13: 153-161.
18.
Biesiak B, Włoszczak-Szubzda A. Ocena poziomu stresu u pacjentów przed badaniami diagnostycznymi. Aspekty Zdrowia i Choroby 2016; 2: 23-33.
19.
Bączyk G, Talarska D, Szubert J. Przyczyny lęku przedoperacyjnego chorych leczonych chirurgicznie. Ann UMCS Sect D 2006; 60 (Supl. 16, 1): 152-156.
20.
Kupcewicz E, Olewińska J, Pikus H, Jóźwik M. Coping with stress by women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer. J Pre-Clin Clin Res 2018; 12: 16-21.
21.
Orzechowska A, Talarowska M, Zboralski K, Florkowski A, Gałecki P. Subjective evaluation of symptoms and effects of treatment and the intensity of the stress and anxiety levels among patients with selected diseases of the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Psychiatria Polska 2013; 2: 225-237.
22.
Dobrowolska M. Selected psychological resources of patients with ovarian cancer and the severity of the side effects of chemotherapy. Psychoonkologia 2013; 2: 56-61.
23.
Simonton OC, Matthews-Simonton S, Creighton JL. Triumf życia – możesz mieć przewagę nad rakiem. Wydawnictwo Ravi, Łódź 2005.
24.
Carver CS, Pozo C, Harris SD, Noriega V, Scheier MF, Robinson DS, Ketcham AS, Moffat Jr FL, Clark KC. How coping mediates the effect of optimism on distress. A study of women with early breast cancer. J Pers Soc Psychol 1993; 65: 375-390.
25.
Ogińska-Bulik N, Juczyński Z. Osobowość, stres, zdrowie. Wyd. Difin, Warszawa 2010.
26.
Tallman BA, Altmeier E, Garcia C. Finding benefit from cancer. J Counseling Psychol 2007; 54: 481-487.
27.
Weber-Rajek M, Ciechanowska K, Mieszkowski J, Niespodziński B, Wycech M, Perzyńska A. Impact of mental health resources on the quality of life of patients after stroke. J Health Sci 2014; 4: 51-60.
28.
Huffman JC, Beale EE, Celano CM, Beach SR, Belcher AM, Moore SV. Effects of optimism and gratitude on physical activity, biomarkers, and readmissions after an acute coronary syndrome: the gratitude research in acute coronary events study. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2016; 9: 55-63.
29.
Czapiński J. Optymiści i ryzykanci. Polskie paradoksy. In: Jak Polacy przegrywają, jak Polacy wygrywają? Drogosz M (ed.). Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne, Gdańsk 2005; 127-148.
30.
Rief W, Shedden-Mora MC, Laferton JA, Auer C, Petrie KJ, Salzmann S, Schedlowski M, Moosdorf R. Preoperative optimization of patient expectations improves long-term outcome in heart surgery patients: results of the randomized controlled PSY-HEART trial. BMC Med 2017; 15: 4.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 2300-6722 |
| ISSN: | 1899-1874 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
