ORIGINAL PAPER
Burden of hepatitis B surface antigen sero-prevalence and associated
factors among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at a public
health institution, southern Ethiopia, 2018: implications for public
health prevention
1
Department of Midwifery, Hawassa College of Health Science, Hawassa, Ethiopia
2
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
3
Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
4
School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
5
School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
6
Center for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, United States
7
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Arbaminch University, Arbaminch, Ethiopia
Submission date: 2020-06-15
Final revision date: 2020-11-25
Acceptance date: 2020-11-28
Publication date: 2020-12-31
Medical Studies 2020;36(4):290-297
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Globally, more than 257 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa and Asia. The nationwide disease burden of chronic HBV in Ethiopia is estimated to be approximately 8%. Thus, determining the factors associated with HBsAg seroprevalence in different geographical settings and in different population sub-groups is paramount in designing appropriate preventative measures. Aim of the research: To identity the burden of hepatitis B surface antigen sero-prevalence and associated factors among pregnant women.
Material and methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinka Hospital among pregnant mothers. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was administered by an interviewer and used to collect the data. Serum was obtained from each study subject and used to test for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test kit. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were used to determine the degree of association.
Results:
The HBsAg seroprevalence was nine percent. Scarification (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.43, 95% CI: 1.77–11.06), having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 4.70, 95% CI: 1.66–13.29), and having a sexually transmitted infection in the past (AOR = 5.57, 95% CI: 2.35–13.17) were significantly associated with HBsAg seroprevalence.
Conclusions:
The HBsAg seroprevalence among pregnant women was high according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification criteria. The study identified different factors associated with HBsAg seroprevalence. A properly designed intervention strategy that will lead to reduction of HBsAg seroprevalence, including routine screenings and vaccinations, is warranted.
Globally, more than 257 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa and Asia. The nationwide disease burden of chronic HBV in Ethiopia is estimated to be approximately 8%. Thus, determining the factors associated with HBsAg seroprevalence in different geographical settings and in different population sub-groups is paramount in designing appropriate preventative measures. Aim of the research: To identity the burden of hepatitis B surface antigen sero-prevalence and associated factors among pregnant women.
Material and methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinka Hospital among pregnant mothers. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was administered by an interviewer and used to collect the data. Serum was obtained from each study subject and used to test for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test kit. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were used to determine the degree of association.
Results:
The HBsAg seroprevalence was nine percent. Scarification (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.43, 95% CI: 1.77–11.06), having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 4.70, 95% CI: 1.66–13.29), and having a sexually transmitted infection in the past (AOR = 5.57, 95% CI: 2.35–13.17) were significantly associated with HBsAg seroprevalence.
Conclusions:
The HBsAg seroprevalence among pregnant women was high according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification criteria. The study identified different factors associated with HBsAg seroprevalence. A properly designed intervention strategy that will lead to reduction of HBsAg seroprevalence, including routine screenings and vaccinations, is warranted.
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