ORIGINAL PAPER
Does COVID-19 determine short- and long-term prognosis in patients with pulmonary embolism? Analysis of data from a pulmonology centre in Świętokrzyskie, Poland
1
Rheumatology Department of the Province Hospital, Końskie, Poland
2
Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
3
Provincial Specialist Hospital, Czerwona Góra, Poland
4
Outpatient Treatment Facility ”CenterMed”, Kielce, Poland
Submission date: 2024-03-12
Final revision date: 2024-05-05
Acceptance date: 2024-05-06
Publication date: 2024-09-13
Medical Studies 2025;41(1):28-37
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction::
SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection has been associated with thrombotic complications, the pathophysiological mechanism of which is complex.
Aim of the research::
To analyse factors influencing the prognosis of patients with pulmonary embolism and COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019).
Material and methods::
A retrospective study was conducted on a group of 70 patients with pulmonary embolism and concomitant respiratory system infection. The patients were divided into those with a negative test result for the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 (n = 25) and those with a positive result (n = 45). Clinical and imaging characteristics of both groups were presented. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of 30-day and 1-year mortality.
Results::
The study revealed that short-term survival did not differ between the COVID (+) and COVID-19 (–) groups (40 (88.9%) vs. 18 (72.0%), p = 0.1), while long-term survival was higher in the COVID-19 (+) group compared to the COVID-19 (–) group (38 (84.4%) vs. 10 (40.0%), p = 0.0001). Factors influencing short-term survival were lymphocyte levels and left-sided intraparenchymal changes on imaging, while long-term survival was influenced by platelet count, INR, respiratory failure, oxygen saturation, fibrous-striated changes on imaging, and subpleural location. Both short- and long-term survival were determined by higher levels of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, longer prothrombin time, and the intensity of oxygen therapy. The only independent predictor of long-term mortality was concomitant neoplastic disease (OR = 29.03 (1.32–640.2); p = 0.03).
Conclusions::
COVID-19 does not independently affect long-term survival in patients with pulmonary embolism.
SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection has been associated with thrombotic complications, the pathophysiological mechanism of which is complex.
Aim of the research::
To analyse factors influencing the prognosis of patients with pulmonary embolism and COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019).
Material and methods::
A retrospective study was conducted on a group of 70 patients with pulmonary embolism and concomitant respiratory system infection. The patients were divided into those with a negative test result for the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 (n = 25) and those with a positive result (n = 45). Clinical and imaging characteristics of both groups were presented. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of 30-day and 1-year mortality.
Results::
The study revealed that short-term survival did not differ between the COVID (+) and COVID-19 (–) groups (40 (88.9%) vs. 18 (72.0%), p = 0.1), while long-term survival was higher in the COVID-19 (+) group compared to the COVID-19 (–) group (38 (84.4%) vs. 10 (40.0%), p = 0.0001). Factors influencing short-term survival were lymphocyte levels and left-sided intraparenchymal changes on imaging, while long-term survival was influenced by platelet count, INR, respiratory failure, oxygen saturation, fibrous-striated changes on imaging, and subpleural location. Both short- and long-term survival were determined by higher levels of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, longer prothrombin time, and the intensity of oxygen therapy. The only independent predictor of long-term mortality was concomitant neoplastic disease (OR = 29.03 (1.32–640.2); p = 0.03).
Conclusions::
COVID-19 does not independently affect long-term survival in patients with pulmonary embolism.
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| ISSN: | 1899-1874 |
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